Serveur d'exploration MERS

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Chaperna-Mediated Assembly of Ferritin-Based Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Nanoparticles

Identifieur interne : 000A45 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A44; suivant : 000A46

Chaperna-Mediated Assembly of Ferritin-Based Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Nanoparticles

Auteurs : Young-Seok Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Ahyun Son [Corée du Sud] ; Jihoon Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Soon Bin Kwon [Corée du Sud] ; Myung Hee Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Paul Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Jieun Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Young Ho Byun [Corée du Sud] ; Jemin Sung [Corée du Sud] ; Jinhee Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Ji Eun Yu [Corée du Sud] ; Chan Park [Corée du Sud] ; Yeon-Sook Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Nam-Hyuk Cho [Corée du Sud] ; Jun Chang [Corée du Sud] ; Baik L. Seong [Corée du Sud]

Source :

RBID : PMC:5966535

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

The folding of monomeric antigens and their subsequent assembly into higher ordered structures are crucial for robust and effective production of nanoparticle (NP) vaccines in a timely and reproducible manner. Despite significant advances in in silico design and structure-based assembly, most engineered NPs are refractory to soluble expression and fail to assemble as designed, presenting major challenges in the manufacturing process. The failure is due to a lack of understanding of the kinetic pathways and enabling technical platforms to ensure successful folding of the monomer antigens into regular assemblages. Capitalizing on a novel function of RNA as a molecular chaperone (chaperna: chaperone + RNA), we provide a robust protein-folding vehicle that may be implemented to NP assembly in bacterial hosts. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was fused with the RNA-interaction domain (RID) and bacterioferritin, and expressed in Escherichia coli in a soluble form. Site-specific proteolytic removal of the RID prompted the assemblage of monomers into NPs, which was confirmed by electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The mutations that affected the RNA binding to RBD significantly increased the soluble aggregation into amorphous structures, reducing the overall yield of NPs of a defined size. This underscored the RNA-antigen interactions during NP assembly. The sera after mouse immunization effectively interfered with the binding of MERS-CoV RBD to the cellular receptor hDPP4. The results suggest that RNA-binding controls the overall kinetic network of the antigen folding pathway in favor of enhanced assemblage of NPs into highly regular and immunologically relevant conformations. The concentration of the ion Fe2+, salt, and fusion linker also contributed to the assembly in vitro, and the stability of the NPs. The kinetic “pace-keeping” role of chaperna in the super molecular assembly of antigen monomers holds promise for the development and delivery of NPs and virus-like particles as recombinant vaccines and for serological detection of viral infections.


Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01093
PubMed: 29868035
PubMed Central: 5966535


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Sung, Jemin" sort="Sung, Jemin" uniqKey="Sung J" first="Jemin" last="Sung">Jemin Sung</name>
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<name sortKey="Lee, Jinhee" sort="Lee, Jinhee" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jinhee" last="Lee">Jinhee Lee</name>
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<name sortKey="Yu, Ji Eun" sort="Yu, Ji Eun" uniqKey="Yu J" first="Ji Eun" last="Yu">Ji Eun Yu</name>
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<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
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<name sortKey="Park, Chan" sort="Park, Chan" uniqKey="Park C" first="Chan" last="Park">Chan Park</name>
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<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
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<country>South Korea</country>
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<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
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<name sortKey="Kim, Yeon Sook" sort="Kim, Yeon Sook" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yeon-Sook" last="Kim">Yeon-Sook Kim</name>
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<name sortKey="Cho, Nam Hyuk" sort="Cho, Nam Hyuk" uniqKey="Cho N" first="Nam-Hyuk" last="Cho">Nam-Hyuk Cho</name>
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<name sortKey="Chang, Jun" sort="Chang, Jun" uniqKey="Chang J" first="Jun" last="Chang">Jun Chang</name>
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<name sortKey="Seong, Baik L" sort="Seong, Baik L" uniqKey="Seong B" first="Baik L." last="Seong">Baik L. Seong</name>
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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Chaperna-Mediated Assembly of Ferritin-Based Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Nanoparticles</title>
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<name sortKey="Son, Ahyun" sort="Son, Ahyun" uniqKey="Son A" first="Ahyun" last="Son">Ahyun Son</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
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<name sortKey="Kwon, Soon Bin" sort="Kwon, Soon Bin" uniqKey="Kwon S" first="Soon Bin" last="Kwon">Soon Bin Kwon</name>
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<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
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<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
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<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<name sortKey="Kim, Myung Hee" sort="Kim, Myung Hee" uniqKey="Kim M" first="Myung Hee" last="Kim">Myung Hee Kim</name>
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<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
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<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, Paul" sort="Kim, Paul" uniqKey="Kim P" first="Paul" last="Kim">Paul Kim</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<institution>Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<institution>Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, Jieun" sort="Kim, Jieun" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jieun" last="Kim">Jieun Kim</name>
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<institution>Life Science and Biotechnology, Underwood International College, Yonsei University</institution>
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<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
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<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Byun, Young Ho" sort="Byun, Young Ho" uniqKey="Byun Y" first="Young Ho" last="Byun">Young Ho Byun</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<institution>Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<name sortKey="Sung, Jemin" sort="Sung, Jemin" uniqKey="Sung J" first="Jemin" last="Sung">Jemin Sung</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<institution>Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<institution>Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lee, Jinhee" sort="Lee, Jinhee" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jinhee" last="Lee">Jinhee Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<institution>Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<institution>Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yu, Ji Eun" sort="Yu, Ji Eun" uniqKey="Yu J" first="Ji Eun" last="Yu">Ji Eun Yu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<institution>Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<institution>Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, Chan" sort="Park, Chan" uniqKey="Park C" first="Chan" last="Park">Chan Park</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<institution>Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<institution>Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, Yeon Sook" sort="Kim, Yeon Sook" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yeon-Sook" last="Kim">Yeon-Sook Kim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff5">
<institution>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine</institution>
,
<addr-line>Daejeon</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cho, Nam Hyuk" sort="Cho, Nam Hyuk" uniqKey="Cho N" first="Nam-Hyuk" last="Cho">Nam-Hyuk Cho</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff6">
<institution>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff7">
<institution>Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chang, Jun" sort="Chang, Jun" uniqKey="Chang J" first="Jun" last="Chang">Jun Chang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff3">
<institution>Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Seong, Baik L" sort="Seong, Baik L" uniqKey="Seong B" first="Baik L." last="Seong">Baik L. Seong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<institution>Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<institution>Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University</institution>
,
<addr-line>Seoul</addr-line>
,
<country>South Korea</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Frontiers in Immunology</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1664-3224</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2018">2018</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Antibodies, Neutralizing</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (immunology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (immunology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (prevention & control)</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Ferritins (chemistry)</term>
<term>Genetic Vectors</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immunity, Cellular</term>
<term>Immunization</term>
<term>Magnetite Nanoparticles (chemistry)</term>
<term>Magnetite Nanoparticles (ultrastructure)</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (chemistry)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Molecular Chaperones (chemistry)</term>
<term>Nanoparticles (chemistry)</term>
<term>Nanoparticles (ultrastructure)</term>
<term>Protein Binding</term>
<term>Protein Multimerization</term>
<term>RNA, Viral (chemistry)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (chemistry)</term>
<term>Solubility</term>
<term>Spectrum Analysis</term>
<term>Vaccines, Synthetic</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins (chemistry)</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins (immunology)</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr">
<term>ARN viral ()</term>
<term>Analyse spectrale</term>
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term>
<term>Anticorps neutralisants</term>
<term>Chaperons moléculaires ()</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient ()</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (génétique)</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie)</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Ferritines ()</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Immunisation</term>
<term>Immunité cellulaire</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus ()</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (immunologie)</term>
<term>Liaison aux protéines</term>
<term>Multimérisation de protéines</term>
<term>Nanoparticules ()</term>
<term>Nanoparticules (ultrastructure)</term>
<term>Nanoparticules de magnétite ()</term>
<term>Nanoparticules de magnétite (ultrastructure)</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale ()</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale (immunologie)</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes ()</term>
<term>Solubilité</term>
<term>Souris</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
<term>Vaccins synthétiques</term>
<term>Vecteurs génétiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en">
<term>Ferritins</term>
<term>Magnetite Nanoparticles</term>
<term>Molecular Chaperones</term>
<term>RNA, Viral</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
<term>Viral Envelope Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="ultrastructure" xml:lang="en">
<term>Magnetite Nanoparticles</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antibodies, Neutralizing</term>
<term>Vaccines, Synthetic</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
<term>Nanoparticles</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en">
<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ultrastructure" xml:lang="en">
<term>Nanoparticles</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Genetic Vectors</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immunity, Cellular</term>
<term>Immunization</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Protein Binding</term>
<term>Protein Multimerization</term>
<term>Solubility</term>
<term>Spectrum Analysis</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr">
<term>ARN viral</term>
<term>Analyse spectrale</term>
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Anticorps neutralisants</term>
<term>Chaperons moléculaires</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Ferritines</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Immunisation</term>
<term>Immunité cellulaire</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Liaison aux protéines</term>
<term>Multimérisation de protéines</term>
<term>Nanoparticules</term>
<term>Nanoparticules de magnétite</term>
<term>Protéines de l'enveloppe virale</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes</term>
<term>Solubilité</term>
<term>Souris</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
<term>Vaccins synthétiques</term>
<term>Vecteurs génétiques</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>The folding of monomeric antigens and their subsequent assembly into higher ordered structures are crucial for robust and effective production of nanoparticle (NP) vaccines in a timely and reproducible manner. Despite significant advances in
<italic>in silico</italic>
design and structure-based assembly, most engineered NPs are refractory to soluble expression and fail to assemble as designed, presenting major challenges in the manufacturing process. The failure is due to a lack of understanding of the kinetic pathways and enabling technical platforms to ensure successful folding of the monomer antigens into regular assemblages. Capitalizing on a novel function of RNA as a molecular chaperone (chaperna: chaperone + RNA), we provide a robust protein-folding vehicle that may be implemented to NP assembly in bacterial hosts. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was fused with the RNA-interaction domain (RID) and bacterioferritin, and expressed in
<italic>Escherichia coli</italic>
in a soluble form. Site-specific proteolytic removal of the RID prompted the assemblage of monomers into NPs, which was confirmed by electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The mutations that affected the RNA binding to RBD significantly increased the soluble aggregation into amorphous structures, reducing the overall yield of NPs of a defined size. This underscored the RNA-antigen interactions during NP assembly. The sera after mouse immunization effectively interfered with the binding of MERS-CoV RBD to the cellular receptor hDPP4. The results suggest that RNA-binding controls the overall kinetic network of the antigen folding pathway in favor of enhanced assemblage of NPs into highly regular and immunologically relevant conformations. The concentration of the ion Fe
<sup>2+</sup>
, salt, and fusion linker also contributed to the assembly
<italic>in vitro</italic>
, and the stability of the NPs. The kinetic “pace-keeping” role of chaperna in the super molecular assembly of antigen monomers holds promise for the development and delivery of NPs and virus-like particles as recombinant vaccines and for serological detection of viral infections.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<name sortKey="Kim, Young Seok" sort="Kim, Young Seok" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Young-Seok" last="Kim">Young-Seok Kim</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Byun, Young Ho" sort="Byun, Young Ho" uniqKey="Byun Y" first="Young Ho" last="Byun">Young Ho Byun</name>
<name sortKey="Chang, Jun" sort="Chang, Jun" uniqKey="Chang J" first="Jun" last="Chang">Jun Chang</name>
<name sortKey="Cho, Nam Hyuk" sort="Cho, Nam Hyuk" uniqKey="Cho N" first="Nam-Hyuk" last="Cho">Nam-Hyuk Cho</name>
<name sortKey="Cho, Nam Hyuk" sort="Cho, Nam Hyuk" uniqKey="Cho N" first="Nam-Hyuk" last="Cho">Nam-Hyuk Cho</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Jieun" sort="Kim, Jieun" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jieun" last="Kim">Jieun Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Jihoon" sort="Kim, Jihoon" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jihoon" last="Kim">Jihoon Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Jihoon" sort="Kim, Jihoon" uniqKey="Kim J" first="Jihoon" last="Kim">Jihoon Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Myung Hee" sort="Kim, Myung Hee" uniqKey="Kim M" first="Myung Hee" last="Kim">Myung Hee Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Paul" sort="Kim, Paul" uniqKey="Kim P" first="Paul" last="Kim">Paul Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Paul" sort="Kim, Paul" uniqKey="Kim P" first="Paul" last="Kim">Paul Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Yeon Sook" sort="Kim, Yeon Sook" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yeon-Sook" last="Kim">Yeon-Sook Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kim, Young Seok" sort="Kim, Young Seok" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Young-Seok" last="Kim">Young-Seok Kim</name>
<name sortKey="Kwon, Soon Bin" sort="Kwon, Soon Bin" uniqKey="Kwon S" first="Soon Bin" last="Kwon">Soon Bin Kwon</name>
<name sortKey="Kwon, Soon Bin" sort="Kwon, Soon Bin" uniqKey="Kwon S" first="Soon Bin" last="Kwon">Soon Bin Kwon</name>
<name sortKey="Lee, Jinhee" sort="Lee, Jinhee" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jinhee" last="Lee">Jinhee Lee</name>
<name sortKey="Lee, Jinhee" sort="Lee, Jinhee" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jinhee" last="Lee">Jinhee Lee</name>
<name sortKey="Park, Chan" sort="Park, Chan" uniqKey="Park C" first="Chan" last="Park">Chan Park</name>
<name sortKey="Park, Chan" sort="Park, Chan" uniqKey="Park C" first="Chan" last="Park">Chan Park</name>
<name sortKey="Seong, Baik L" sort="Seong, Baik L" uniqKey="Seong B" first="Baik L." last="Seong">Baik L. Seong</name>
<name sortKey="Seong, Baik L" sort="Seong, Baik L" uniqKey="Seong B" first="Baik L." last="Seong">Baik L. Seong</name>
<name sortKey="Son, Ahyun" sort="Son, Ahyun" uniqKey="Son A" first="Ahyun" last="Son">Ahyun Son</name>
<name sortKey="Sung, Jemin" sort="Sung, Jemin" uniqKey="Sung J" first="Jemin" last="Sung">Jemin Sung</name>
<name sortKey="Sung, Jemin" sort="Sung, Jemin" uniqKey="Sung J" first="Jemin" last="Sung">Jemin Sung</name>
<name sortKey="Yu, Ji Eun" sort="Yu, Ji Eun" uniqKey="Yu J" first="Ji Eun" last="Yu">Ji Eun Yu</name>
<name sortKey="Yu, Ji Eun" sort="Yu, Ji Eun" uniqKey="Yu J" first="Ji Eun" last="Yu">Ji Eun Yu</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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